A alap elmélet infravörös hőmérő
In 1672, it was discovered that sunlight (white light) is composed of light of various colors. At the same time, Newton made the conclusion that monochromatic light is simpler in nature than white light. Use a dichroic prism to decompose sunlight (white light) into monochromatic lights of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue, purple, etc. In 1800, the British physicist F. W. Huxel discovered infrared rays when he studied various colored lights from the thermal point of view. When he was studying the heat of various colors of light, he deliberately blocked the window of the dark room with a dark plate, and opened a rectangular hole in the plate, and a beam splitter prism was installed in the hole.
When sunlight passes through the prism, it is decomposed into colored light bands, and a thermometer is used to measure the heat contained in different colors in the light bands. In order to compare with the ambient temperature, Huxel used several thermometers placed near the colored light band as comparative thermometers to measure the ambient temperature. During the experiment, he accidentally discovered a strange phenomenon: a thermometer placed outside the reddish light had a higher value than other temperatures in the room. After trial and error, this so-called high-temperature zone with the most heat is always located outside the red light at the edge of the light band. So he announced that in addition to visible light, the radiation emitted by the sun also has a kind of "stimulus" invisible to human eyes. This invisible "stimulant" is located outside the red light and is called infrared. Infrared is a kind of electromagnetic wave, which has the same essence as radio waves and visible light. The discovery of infrared is a leap in human understanding of nature, and it has opened up a new broad road for the research, utilization and development of infrared technology.
The wavelength of infravörös sugarak is között {0}.76 és 100 μm. According to the wavelength range, it can be divided to four categories: near-infrared, mid-infrared, far-infrared, and extreme-far infrared. Its position in the continuous spectrum of electromagnetic waves is the area between radio waves and visible light. Infrared sugárzás van egy of a legtöbb extenzív elektromágneses sugárzás be természet. Az van alapul az tény hogy bármi tárgy akarat termel saját molekuláris és atomi szabálytalan mozgások be a normális környezet, és sugárzás hő infravörös energia folyamatosan. A több intenzív a molekula és atomok, a nagyobb a energia sugárzás, és fordítva, a kisebb az energia energia -ból sugárzásból.
Objektumok a a hőmérséklet fent nulla akarat sugárzás infravörös sugarak esedékes a saját molekuláris mozgás. utána a teljesítmény jel sugárzott általa a tárgy van átalakított an elektromos jel by a infravörös detektor, a kimenet jel a képalkotás eszköz tud teljesen szimulálja a térbeli eloszlás a felület hőmérséklet a szkennelt tárgy egy egy, feldolgozott az az elektronikus rendszer, és továbbított a a kijelző képernyő to megszerzés a hő kép megfelelés a a hő eloszlás a a tárgy felület. Használata ez módszer, it is lehetséges megvalósítani a távolság termikus állapot kép képalkotás és hőmérséklet mérés a cél és elemzés és bíró.
